Financial advisors who specialize in retirement income.

Retirement planning is a different discipline

For 30 years you've been saving. Now you need to spend your savings — for another 20 to 30 years, through market cycles, inflation, tax changes, and rising healthcare costs. The financial questions you face now share almost nothing with the ones you faced at 40. Most generalist advisors are trained for accumulation. A retirement-income specialist thinks about:

• Safe withdrawal rates. The "4% rule" is a starting point, not the answer. Variable-spending strategies (Guyton-Klinger, floor-and-upside) often let you spend 5-6% with similar risk.
• Sequence-of-returns risk. A bear market in your first 3 retirement years can permanently derail a plan even if long-run averages are unchanged. Mitigation matters more than optimization.
• Social Security claiming. Claiming at 62 vs 67 vs 70 has an implied breakeven age. For couples with spousal benefits, the optimization is harder than it looks.
• Tax-efficient withdrawal ordering. Should you draw from traditional IRA, Roth, or taxable first? Wrong order can cost six figures over 25 years.
• Roth conversions in the 60-73 "golden window." Between retirement and RMDs, you often have an unusually low tax bracket — a rare conversion opportunity most people miss.
• RMD optimization. SECURE Act 2.0 raised RMD age to 73/75. Planning the glidepath reduces lifetime tax meaningfully.
• Medicare and IRMAA. Income above certain thresholds triggers Medicare premium surcharges of $600-$5,000/year — planning income in retirement literally affects your healthcare bill.

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